Modern ciphers are again divided into two types:
- Block ciphers: These process information in blocks. Each block will be processed in encryption and decryption, individually. The Data Encryption Standard (DES) is one of the most used block ciphers, based on the Feistel cipher, which is developed by an IBM researcher, Horst Feistel, to try building an ideal block cipher structure that implements Claude Shannon's substitution-permutation (S-P) networks. The following graph illustrates the Feistel Structure:
- Stream ciphers: These process information bit-by-bit, or byte-by-byte in encryption and decryption. To encrypt a message, ...