Connected cars faces many threats from different attack vectors. Because, they are composed by many units; there is a variety of attack categories:
- Firmware attacks
- Operating system attacks
- Remote attacks on the CAN
- Compromised on OBD2
- Sniffing
- Malicious downloaded applications
A Nissan Leaf was hacked via mobile application and a web browser as a security research. In February 2016, security researchers showed that Nissan could be accessed via the internet using Nissan's phone app.