
504 Ballistics: Theory and Design of Guns and Ammunition
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.00
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
Wall velocity (cm/us)
0.00
01234567
Analytic 0.1 in.
Analytic 0.2 in.
ALE3D 0.2 in.
ALE3D 0.1 in.
Analytic 0.1 in.
Analytic 0.2 in.
ALE3D 0.2 in.
ALE3D 0.1 in.
FIGURE 16.46
Copper cylinder velocity histories from ALE3D compared to analytic cylinder test modeling using identical
JWLB equations of state. (a) Copper cylinder expansion using TNT as the explosive ll and (b) Copper cylinder
expansion using LX-14 as the explosive ll.
FIGURE 16.45
Modeling at 10 μs intervals for 0.1 in. thick copper cylinder.