Regardless of the efforts made from the steps-mentioned altcoins in addressing some part of the Bitcoin's limitations, there are several fundamental issues that are not being addressed yet:
- Bitcoin and these altcoins are specific to one purpose: trading either BTC or an altcoin.
- Although a programmer can use tools such as BitcoinJS to interact with the network, the resulting code sits outside of the blockchain and is not guaranteed to run. The chain itself does not have a Turing complete programming language for coding directly on a blockchain.
- These blockchains are stateless and one has to search through the entire ledger to find an answer such as the total number of BTC minted.
In response to these problems, Vitalik Buterin, ...