August 2021
Intermediate to advanced
450 pages
6h 57m
Chinese
Content preview from C++程序设计语言（第4部分：标准库）（原书第4版）
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32.6 排序和搜索
排序和已排序序列中的搜索是非常基础的操作，而程序员对这两个操作的需求可能有很大的差异。默认的比较操作是<运算符，值a和b的相等性通过！（a<b）&&！（b<a）来判定，而不是使用运算符==。
除了“普通排序”外，还有其他很多版本：
sort（）算法要求随机访问迭代器（见33.1.2节）。
对is_sorted_until（），不要理会它的名字，它其实返回一个迭代器，而不是一个bool。
标准库list（见31.3节）并不提供随机访问迭代器，因此只能用特殊的list操作（见31.4.2节）来排序list，或者先将list的元素拷贝到一个vector中，排序这个vector，然后再将元素拷回list：
基础的sort（）很高效（平均时间复杂性N*log（N））。如果需要一个稳定排序算法，可使用stable_sort（），这是一个N*log（N）*log（N）时间的算法，当系统有足够的额外内存时，可缩短为N*log（N）。函数get_temporary_buffer（）可以用来获取额外内存（见34.6节）。stable_sort（）可以保证相等元素的相对顺序，sort（）则不能保证。 ...
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