Chapter 2
P r o positio n a l Logic
Propositional logic concerns propositions/statements, which we assume to be
true or false, and the deductive inference of the truth of other propositions from
the ones whose truth states we assume to know. By deductive inference
we mean a process by which the truth of the conclusion is demonstrated to
necessarily follow from the truth of the premises. This variation of a classic
example illustrates such a deduction:
Socrates is a man.
If Socrates is a man, then Socrates is mortal.
Therefore, Socrates is mortal.
If we assume we know that Socrates is a man and we believ e that “if Socrates
is a man, then Socrates is a
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