
Methodologies of the COSMIC Application in Practice ◾ 215
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proposed over the years to tackle some weaknesses in the design of the original
FPA method, only four methods have nally achieved recognition as ISO mea-
surement standards:
ISO 19761: COSMIC FFP (ISO 2003a)
ISO 20926: Function Point Analysis (e.g., IFPUG 4.1, unadjusted function
points only) (ISO 2003b)
ISO 20968: Mk II (ISO 2002)
ISO 24570: NESMA (ISO 2005)
NESMA (ISO 2005) is a Dutch interpretation of FPA version 4.1 that produces
similar results (NESMA 2004). e FPA, Mark II, and NESMA methods were
primarily designed to measure business applic ...