
Cyber seCurity fundAmentAls 21
security. Later sections will discuss some attacks that abuse the DNS
and will build upon the base information provided in this section.
DNS is a fundamental piece of the Internet architecture. Knowledge
of how the DNS works is necessary to understand how attacks on the
system can affect the Internet as a whole and how criminal infrastruc-
ture can take advantage of it.
e Internet Protocol is the core protocol the Internet uses. Each
computer with Internet access has an assigned IP address so that other
systems can send traffic to it. Each IP address consists of four num-
bers between 0 and 255 separated by periods, ...