13.1. Introduction13.2. Mechanism of Molecular Self-Assembly13.3. Classification of Self-Assembly13.4. Self-Assembly of Proteins and Peptides13.5. Bionanotechnology Applications13.6. Peptide Nanofibers, Nanotubes, and Nanowires13.7. Three-Dimensional Peptide Matrix Scaffolds13.8. Advantages and Limitations of Self-Assembling Peptide Matrix Scaffolds13.9. Self-Assembly in Regenerative Biology and Dentistry13.10. Conclusions