May 2024
Intermediate
278 pages
5h 24m
Chinese
Content preview from 构建可扩展分布式系统：方法与实践
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262
第 16 章
可扩展系统的基本要素
坦白来讲，构建可扩展的分布式系统很难！
分布式系统在本质上就是复杂的，你必须考虑多种故障模式，并设计应对所有可能发生
的情况的处理方式。当应用程序遇到高请求量和数据资源快速增长的压力时，问题就会
变得更加棘手。
大规模应用程序需要协调大量的硬件和软件组件，共同实现低延迟和高吞吐量的能力。
你面临的挑战是将所有活动部件组合成一个应用程序来运行，使其既能满足需求又不会
耗费过多成本。
本书涵盖了可扩展分布式系统的基本原则、架构、机制和技术等广泛领域。有了这些知
识，你就可以开始设计和构建大规模应用程序了。
但是，故事仍未完结，你应该不会感到惊讶，因为我们在新需求、新硬件和软件技术不
断变化的环境中运作。尽管分布式系统的基本原理仍然有效（在可预见的未来，量子物
理学（
https://oreil.ly/orBDp
）可能会改变一切），但新的编程抽象、平台模型和硬件让你
更容易构建具有更高的性能、更好的可扩展性和更大的弹性的更复杂的系统。推动我们
穿越这个技术领域的火车永远不会减速，它甚至会变得更快。请保持不断学习新事物，
为疯狂旅程做好准备吧！
此外，还有许多构建成功的可扩展系统的基本要素没在本书中介绍。图
16-1
描述了其中
的
4
个，我将在后续小节中简要描述每个要素的突出问题。
16.1
自动化
在构建大型系统时，工程师是相当昂贵但必不可少的资源。任何大规模部署的系统都迫
切需要数百名才华横溢的工程师来参与。在互联网巨型的规模下，所需工程师的数字增
...
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I wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.Addison B.
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I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.