May 2024
Intermediate
278 pages
5h 24m
Chinese
Content preview from 构建可扩展分布式系统：方法与实践
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可扩展系统的基本要素
｜
265
的墙壁和天花板上挤满了硬件，你只需单击或双击鼠标即可进行配置。更妙的是，你可
以使用专为操作设计的脚本语言自动调用配置。我们称之为
基础架构即代码
（
IaC
），也
是
DevOps
的基本要素。
传统上，虚拟机是应用程序的部署单元。然而，在过去几年中，基于容器技术的新型轻
量级方法不断涌现，其中
Docker
（
http://www.docker.com
）就是一个突出的例子。容器
镜像支持将应用程序代码和依赖项打包到单个可部署单元中。当部署运行在容器引擎
（如
Docker
引擎）上时，容器与其他容器共享主机操作系统，并以隔离进程的方式运行。
与虚拟机相比，容器消耗的资源更少，因此可以在单个虚拟机上打包多个容器，更有效
地利用硬件资源。
容器通常与集群管理平台（如
Kubernetes
或
Apache Mesos
）一起使用。容器编排平台为
你提供
API
来控制容器的执行方式、时间和位置。平台允许你自动部署容器并支持使用
自动缩放的不同系统负载，简化集群中在多个节点部署多个容器的管理工作。
16.4
数据湖
你每隔多久在自己最喜欢的社交媒体上翻看历史记录，来查找
5
年前、
10
年前甚至更早
之前发布的照片？我敢打赌，并不常发生。我敢赌你的通讯录好友也很少这么做。不妨
试一下翻看记录，你可能会发现，回溯的时间越远，渲染照片所需的时间就越长。
这是大规模管理历史数据面临的挑战之一。随着时间的推移，你的系统将生成许多
PB
级或更多的数据。数据中的大部分很少被你的用户访问。但出于你的应用程序业务领域
规定的原因（ ...
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O’Reilly covers everything we've got, with content to help us build a world-class technology community, upgrade the capabilities and competencies of our teams, and improve overall team performance as well as their engagement.Julian F.
I wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.Addison B.
I’ve been on the O’Reilly platform for more than eight years. I use a couple of learning platforms, but I'm on O'Reilly more than anybody else. When you're there, you start learning. I'm never disappointed.Amir M.
I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.