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Head First Kotlin程序设计
book

Head First Kotlin程序设计

by Dawn Griffiths, David Griffiths
August 2020
Intermediate to advanced
483 pages
11h 24m
Chinese
China Machine Press
Content preview from Head First Kotlin程序设计
136
5
overriding properties
如何(以及何时)覆盖属性
通过将属性添加到子类,并使用override关键字作为前缀,可以
覆盖从父类继承的属性。
在本例中,我们希望覆盖Hipoo类从Animal父类继承的image
foodhabitat属性,以便它们被初始化为Hippo特有的值。代
码如下:
class Hippo : Animal() {
override val image = "hippo.jpg"
override val food = "grass"
override val habitat = "water"
}
我们覆盖了三个属性,以便使用与父类不同的值初始化它们。这
是因为在Animal父类中,每个属性都使用val关键字进行定义。
如你所了解到的,子类在继承的时候,必须调用父类构造函数;
这样它可以运行其初始化代码,包括创建属性并初始化它们。这
意味着,如果在父类中使用val定义属性
你必须通过在子类中
覆盖它来指定不同的值
如果使用var定义父类属性,则不需要为了指定新的值而覆盖它,
因为var变量可以重用于其他值。你可以在子类的初始化程序块中
为它赋新值,如下例所示:
open class Animal {
var image = ""
...
}
class Hippo : Animal() {
init {
image = "hippo.jpg"
}
...
}
Animal
image
food
habitat
hunger
Hippo
image
food
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Publisher Resources

ISBN: 9787111662358