October 2025
Intermediate to advanced
292 pages
9h 36m
French
Content preview from IA durable
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Chapitre 10. Vers une IA durable
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Pendant une grande partie de notre histoire, l'agriculture a été limitée par le cycle naturel de l'azote. L'azote utilisable était rare et les agriculteurs comptaient sur le fumier, le compost et les légumineuses pour restaurer la fertilité du sol.1 Ces limites permettaient de maintenir des rendements modestes, et la production alimentaire était étroitement liée aux rythmes écologiques.
Avec l'invention du procédé Haber-Bosch au début du 20e siècle, les scientifiques ont toutefois pu produire des engrais synthétiques à l'échelle industrielle en synthétisant l'ammoniac à partir de l'azote atmosphérique. Cela a eu un effet transformateur sur la production alimentaire et l'agriculture : les rendements des cultures ont grimpé en flèche, la famine a reculé et la révolution verte ( ) a apporté cette puissance dans les champs du monde entier.2
Mais les gains d'efficacité que l'azote synthétique a permis de réaliser se sont accompagnés de conséquences inattendues. La figure 10-1 montre la tendance historique de l'oxyde nitreux (N2O) dans l'atmosphère. Comme les autres GES, les niveaux de N2Oont fortement augmenté avec l'industrialisation à partir du 19ème siècle. Ce qui distingue le N2O, cependant, c'est que la grande majorité de son augmentation provient de l'agriculture - principalement en tant que sous-produit du processus ...
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I wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.Addison B.
I’ve been on the O’Reilly platform for more than eight years. I use a couple of learning platforms, but I'm on O'Reilly more than anybody else. When you're there, you start learning. I'm never disappointed.Amir M.
I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.