
175
Appendix C: The
Competing Values
Framework
C.1 Cultural Dimensions
C.1.1 Horizontal: In/Out
e horizontal dimension maps the degree to which the organization focuses inward or
outward. To the left, attention is primarily inward, within the organization, whereas to
the right, it is outward, toward customers, suppliers, and the external environment.
An internal focus is valid in environments where competition or customer focus
is not the most important thing, but in competitive climates or where external
stakeholders hold sway, then this challenge must be met directly.
C.1.2 Vertical: Stability/Flexibility
e vertical axis determines who mak