Java Security, 2nd Edition

Colophon

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The animal on the cover of Java Security, Second Edition is a tiger (Panthera tigris). Tigers evolved in eastern Asia; like all carnivores, they descended from civet-like animals called miacids that lived 60 million years ago during the age of the dinosaurs. It is estimated that there were 100,000 tigers living in the wild at the beginning of the 20th century, but today that number has fallen to less than 7,000.

Of the original eight subspecies, the Bali, Caspian, and Javan are now extinct. The five remaining subspecies are the Siberian (also known as Amur, Manchurian, or Northeast China), South China (also known as Amoy or Chinese), Indochinese, Bengal, and Sumatran. Siberian tigers are the largest: males measure up to 10 feet 9 inches long and weigh up to 660 lbs. South China tigers, considered the evolutionary ancestor of all the subspecies, are the most critically endangered. Only 20-30 of these tigers still live in the wild, while 47 more live in zoos in China. Indochinese tigers live in remote areas of southeast Asia, and little is known about them. Bengal tigers are the most populous in the wild; the famous white tiger is a rare variant of this subspecies. Sumatran tigers are the smallest, with males measuring only 8 feet ...