January 2018
Beginner to intermediate
234 pages
7h 8m
Chinese
Content preview from Kafka权威指南
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128
｜
第
8
章
步，这是一种合规性需求，可以应用在公司的任何一个数据存储上，包括
Kafka
本身。这
种架构的另一个好处是，数据中心及所有
broker
都发挥了作用，不存在像主备架构那样的
资源浪费。
这种架构的不足之处在于，它所能应对的灾难类型很有限，只能应对数据中心的故障，无
法应对应用程序或者
Kafka
故障。运维的复杂性是它的另一个不足之处，它所需要的物理
基础设施并不是所有公司都能够承担得起的。
如果能够在至少
3
个具有高带宽和低延迟的数据中心上安装
Kafka
（包括
Zookeeper
）， 那
么就可以使用这种架构。如果你的公司有
3
栋大楼处于同一个街区，或者你的云供应商在
同一个地区有
3
个可用的区域，那么就可以考虑使用这种方案。
为什么是
3
个数据中心？主要是因为
Zookeeper
。
Zookeeper
要求集群里的节点个数是奇
数，而且只有当大多数节点可用时，整个集群才可用。如果只有两个数据中心和奇数个节
点，那么其中的一个数据中心将包含大多数节点，也就是说，如果这个数据中心不可用，
那么
Zookeeper
和
Kafka
也不可用。如果有
3
个数据中心，那么在分配节点时，可以做到
每个数据中心都不会包含大多数节点。如果其中的一个数据中心不可用，其他两个数据中
心包含了大多数节点，此时
Zookeeper
和
Kafka
仍然可用。
从理论上说，在两个数据中心运行
Zookeeper
和
Kafka
是可能的，只要将
Zookeeper
的群
组配置成允许手动进行失效备援。不过在实际应用当中，这种做法并不常见。
8.3
Kafka
的
MirrorMaker ...
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