January 2018
Beginner to intermediate
234 pages
7h 8m
Chinese
Content preview from Kafka权威指南
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安装
Kafka
｜
23
2.4
硬件的选择
为
Kafka
选择合适的硬件更像是一门艺术。
Kafka
本身对硬件没有特别的要求，它可以运
行在任何系统上。不过，如果比较关注性能，那么就需要考虑几个会影响整体性能的因
素：磁盘吞吐量和容量、内存、网络和
CPU
。在确定了性能关注点之后，就可以在预算范
围内选择最优化的硬件配置。
2.4.1
磁盘吞吐量
生产者客户端的性能直接受到服务器端磁盘吞吐量的影响。生产者生成的消息必须被提交
到服务器保存，大多数客户端在发送消息之后会一直等待，直到至少有一个服务器确认消
息已经成功提交为止。也就是说，磁盘写入速度越快，生成消息的延迟就越低。
在考虑硬盘类型对磁盘吞吐量的影响时，是选择传统的机械硬盘（
HDD
）还是固态硬盘
（
SSD
），我们可以很容易地作出决定。固态硬盘的查找和访问速度都很快，提供了最好的
性能。机械硬盘更便宜，单块硬盘容量也更大。在同一个服务器上使用多个机械硬盘，可
以设置多个数据目录，或者把它们设置成磁盘阵列，这样可以提升机械硬盘的性能。其他
方面的因素，比如磁盘特定的技术（串行连接存储技术或
SATA
），或者磁盘控制器的质
量，都会影响吞吐量。
2.4.2
磁盘容量
磁盘容量是另一个值得讨论的话题。需要多大的磁盘容量取决于需要保留的消息数量。如
果服务器每天会收到
1TB
消息，并且保留
7
天，那么就需要
7TB
的存储空间，而且还要
为其他文件提供至少
10%
的额外空间。除此之外，还需要提供缓冲区，用于应付消息流量
的增长和波动。
在决定扩展
Kafka
集群规模时，存储容量是一个需要考虑的因素 ...
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I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.