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Learning C# by Developing Games with Unity 2019 - Fourth Edition

Name: Learning C# by Developing Games with Unity 2019 - Fourth Edition
Author: Harrison Ferrone
ISBN: 9781789532050

by Harrison Ferrone

March 2019

Beginner

342 pages

6h 31m

English

Packt Publishing

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Title Page
Copyright and Credits
Learning C# by Developing Games with Unity 2019 Fourth Edition
Dedication
About Packt
Why subscribe?Packt.com
Contributors
About the authorAbout the reviewerPackt is searching for authors like you
Preface
Who this book is forWhat this book coversTo get the most out of this bookDownloading the Example Code FilesDownloading the Color ImagesConventions UsedSectionsTime for ActionWhat just happened?Pop Quiz – HeadingHero's Trial – HeadingGet in TouchReviews
Section 1: Programming Foundations and C#
Getting to Know your Environment
Some basic prerequisitesStarting out with Unity 2019Creating a new projectNavigating the editorUsing C# with Unity Working with C# scriptsTime for action – creating a C# scriptIntroducing the Visual Studio editorTime for action – opening a C# fileBeware of naming mismatchesSyncing C# filesFixing a broken syncDocumentationAccessing Unity's documentationTime for action – opening the Reference ManualTime for action – using the Scripting ReferenceLocating C# resourcesTime for action – looking up a C# classPop quiz – dealing with scriptsSummary
The Building Blocks of Programming
Defining variablesNames are importantVariables act as placeholdersTime for action – creating a variableTime for action – changing a variable's valueA method to the madnessMethods drive actionsMethods are placeholders tooTime for action – a simple methodIntroducing classesA class all alongEveryday blueprintsCommenting is keyPractical backslashesTime for action – adding commentsPutting it together in UnityScripts become componentsVariables and the Inspector panelA helping hand from MonoBehaviorHero's trial – MonoBehavior in the Scripting APIClass and component communicationEnter dot notationPop quiz – C# building blocksSummary
Diving into Variables,Types, and Methods
Writing proper C#Simple debuggingVariable syntax Type and value declarationsType-only declarationsAccess modifiersChoosing a security levelTime for action – making a variable privateWorking with typesCommon built-in typesTime for action – playing with different typesTime for action – creating interpolated stringsType conversionsInferred declarationsCustom typesTypes roundupNaming variablesBest practicesVariable scopeIntroducing operatorsArithmetic and assignmentsTime for action – executing incorrect type operationsPop quiz #1 – variables and typesDefining methodsBasic syntaxModifiers and parametersTime for action – defining a simple methodNaming conventionsMethods are logic detoursSpecifying parametersAssigning argumentsTime for action – adding method parametersSpecifying return valuesTime for action – adding a return typeUsing return valuesTime for action – capturing return values Hero's trial – methods as argumentsCommon Unity methodsThe Start methodThe Update methodPop quiz #2 – Understanding methodsSummary

Control Flow and Collection Types
Selection statementsThe if-else statementBasic syntaxTime for action – thieving prospectsUsing the NOT operatorNesting statementsEvaluating multiple conditionsTime for action – reaching the treasureThe switch statementBasic syntaxPattern matchingTime for action – choosing an actionFall-through casesTime for action – rolling the dicePop quiz #1 – If, and, or butCollections at a glanceArraysBasic syntaxIndexing and subscriptsRange exceptionsListsBasic syntaxTime for action – party membersCommon methodsDictionaries Basic syntaxTime for action – setting up an inventoryWorking with dictionary pairsPop quiz #2 – all about collectionsIteration statementsFor loopsTime for action – finding an elementThe foreach loopsLooping through key-value pairsHero's trial – finding affordable itemsThe while loopsTime for action – tracking player livesTo infinity and beyondSummary
Working with Classes, Structs, and OOP
Defining a class Basic syntaxTime for action – creating a character classInstantiating class objectsTime for action – creating a new characterAdding class fieldsTime for action – fleshing out character detailsUsing constructorsTime for action – specifying starting propertiesDeclaring class methodsTime for action – printing out character dataWhat's a struct?Basic syntaxTime for action – creating a weapon structClasses vs structsReference typesTime for action – creating a new heroValue typesTime for action – copying weaponsThe Object-Oriented mindsetEncapsulationTime for action – adding a resetInheritanceBase constructorsTime for action – calling a base constructorCompositionPolymorphismTime for action – functional variationsOOP roundupApplying OOP in UnityObjects are a class actAccessing componentsBasic syntaxTime for action – accessing the current transform componentFinding GameObjectsTime for action - finding components on different objectsDrag and dropTime for action – assigning variables in UnityPop quiz: all things OOPSummary
Section 2: Scripting Game Mechanics in Unity
Getting Your Hands Dirty with Unity
A game design primerGame design documentsThe Hero Born one-pageBuilding a levelCreating primitivesTime for action – creating a ground planeThinking in 3DMaterialsTime for action – changing the ground colorWhite-boxingEditor toolsHero's Trial – putting up drywallKeeping the Hierarchy cleanTime for action – using empty objectsWorking with prefabsTime for action – creating a turretTime for action – updating the prefabTime for action – finishing the levelHero's trial – creating a health pickupLighting basicsCreating lightsLight component propertiesAnimating in UnityCreating clipsTime for action – creating a new clipRecording keyframesTime for action – spinning animationCurves and tangentsTime for action – smoothing the spinThe particle systemTime for action – adding sparkle effectsPop quiz – basic Unity featuresSummary
Movement, Camera Controls, and Collisions
Moving the playerPlayer setupTime for action – creating the player capsuleUnderstanding vectorsGetting player inputTime for action – player locomotionCamera followTime for action – Scripting camera behaviorWorking with Unity physicsRigidbodies in motionTime for action – accessing the RigidbodyTime for action – moving the RigidbodyColliders and collisionsTime for action – picking up an itemUsing Collider triggersTime for action – creating an enemyTime for action – capturing trigger eventsHero's trial – all the prefabs!Physics roundupPop quiz – player controls and physicsSummary
Scripting Game Mechanics
Adding jumpsEnter enumerations Underlying typesTime for action – pressing the spacebar to jump!Working with layer masksTime for action – setting object layersTime for action – one jump at a timeShooting projectilesInstantiating objectsTime for action – creating a projectile prefabTime for action – adding the shooting mechanicManaging GameObject buildupTime for action – destroying bulletsThe game managerTracking player propertiesTime for action – creating a game managerThe Get and Set propertiesTime for action – adding backing variablesTime for action – updating item collectionPlayer PolishGraphical User InterfacesTime for action – adding UI elementsWin and Loss ConditionsTime for action – winning the game Using directives and namespacesTime for action – pausing and restarting Pop quiz – working with mechanicsSummary
Basic AI and Enemy Behavior
Navigating in UnityNavigation componentsTime for action – setting up the NavMeshTime for action – setting up enemy agentsMoving enemy agentsProcedural programmingTime for action – referencing the patrol locations Time for action – moving the enemyTime for action – patrolling continuously between locationsEnemy game mechanicsSeek and destroyTime for action – changing the agent's destinationTime for action – lowering player healthTime for action – detecting bullet collisionsTime for action – updating the game managerRefactoring and keeping it DRYTime for action – creating a restart methodHero's trial – refactoring win/lose logicPop quiz – AI and navigationSummary
Section 3: Leveling Up Your C# Code
Revisiting Types, Methods, and Classes
Access Modifier reduxConstant and read-only propertiesUsing the static keyword Time for action – creating a static classMethods ReduxOverloading methodsTime for action – overloading the level restartRef parametersTime for action – tracking player restartsOut parametersOOP reduxInterfacesTime for action – creating a manager interfaceTime for action – adopting an interfaceAbstract classesClass extensionsTime for action – extending the string classTime for action – using an extension methodNamespace ReduxType aliasingPop quiz – leveling upSummary
Exploring Generics, Delegates, and Beyond
Introducing genericsGeneric objectsTime for action – creating a generic collectionGeneric methodsTime for action – adding a generic itemConstraining type parametersTime for action – limiting generic elementsDelegating actionsBasic syntaxTime for action – creating a debug delegateDelegates as parameter typesTime for action – using a delegate argumentFiring eventsBasic syntaxTime for action – creating an eventHandling event subscriptionsTime for action – subscribing to an eventHandling exceptionsThrowing exceptionsTime for action – checking negative scene indexesUsing a try-catchTime for action – catching restart errorsDesign pattern primerCommon game patternsPop quiz – intermediate C#Summary
The Journey Continues
Scratching the surfacePutting the pieces togetherRemembering your OOPApproaching Unity projectsUnity features we didn't coverNext stepsC# resourcesUnity resourcesUnity certificationsHero's trial – putting something out into the worldSummary
Completed Game Files
Bullet behaviorCamera behaviorEnemy behaviorGame behaviorItem behaviorPlayer behavior
Supplementary Classes
Custom extensionsIManagerInventory listUtilities
Pop Quiz Answers
Chapter 1 – Getting to Know Your EnvironmentPop quiz – dealing with scriptsChapter 2 – Introducing the Building Blocks of ProgrammingPop quiz – C# building blocksChapter 3 – Diving into Variables, Types, and MethodsPop quiz #1 – variables and typesPop quiz #2 – understanding methodsChapter 4 – Using Collections and Controlling Your CodePop quiz #1 – If, and, or butPop quiz #2 – all about collectionsChapter 5 – Working with Classes, Structs, and OOPPop quiz – all things OOPChapter 6 – Getting Your Hands Dirty with UnityPop quiz – basic Unity featuresChapter 7 – Movement, Camera Controls, and CollisionsPop quiz – player controls and physicsChapter 8 – Scripting Game MechanicsPop quiz – working with mechanicsChapter 9 – Basic AI and Enemy BehaviorPop quiz – AI and navigationChapter 10 – Revisiting Types, Methods, and ClassesPop quiz – leveling up Chapter 11 – Exploring Generics, Delegates, and BeyondPop quiz – intermediate C#
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Content preview from Learning C# by Developing Games with Unity 2019 - Fourth Edition

Scripting Game Mechanics

In the last chapter, we focused on moving our player and camera in code, with another trip into Unity physics on the side. However, controlling a playable character isn't enough to make a compelling game; in fact, it's probably the one area that remains constant across different titles.

A game's unique spark comes from its core mechanics and the feeling of power and agency those mechanics give to players. Without fun and engrossing ways to affect the virtual environment you've created, your game doesn't stand a chance of repeat play, to say nothing of fun. As we venture into implementing the game's mechanics, we'll also be upgrading our knowledge of C# and its intermediate-level features.

This chapter will round out ...

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Learning C# by Developing Games with Unity 2019 - Fourth Edition

by Harrison Ferrone

Become an O’Reilly member and get unlimited access to this title plus top books and audiobooks from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers, thousands of courses curated by job role, 150+ live events each month,
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