2.1 Image FormatAspect RatiosLandscape FormatLandscape PanoramaPortrait FormatPortrait PanoramaSquare FormatCreating FormatsFormat Limitations2.2 Image AreaTelling StoriesShowing and Not ShowingCombining SubjectivelyThe Right PerspectiveField SizesHow Image Borders WorkSpontaneous Framing2.3 CroppingComplete RepresentationsReducing Visual DominanceCreating ClosenessCropping Off, Not Cropping OutLocation Is EverythingDividing the Background2.4 Arranging Visual ElementsVisual ElementsThe Basics of Gestalt TheoryThe Quantity of Visual ElementsMain and Secondary ElementsThe Golden RatioGrid MethodsSymmetry and AsymmetryArranging the Main ElementArranging Two ElementsArranging Multiple ElementsBusy Scenes2.5 Visual LevelsThree, Two, One Level(s)ForegroundMiddle GroundBackgroundWeighting