Linux in a Nutshell, Fifth Edition

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Chapter 3: Linux Commands

This is the Title of the Book, eMatter Edition

Copyright © 2006 O’Reilly & Associates, Inc. All rights reserved.

Option

-r Read-only mode.

Exit codes

0 Success.

1 Syntax error.

2 One or more bad group entries found.

3 Could not open group files.

4 Could not lock group files.

5 Could not write group files.

grpconv

grpconv

grpunconv

System administration command. Like pwconv, the grpconv

command creates a shadowed group file to keep your encrypted

group passwords safe from password-cracking programs. grpconv

creates the /etc/gshadow file based on your existing /etc/groups file

and replaces your encrypted password entries with x. If you add

new entries to the /etc/groups file, you can run grpconv again to

transfer the new information to /etc/gshadow. It will ignore entries

that already have a password of x and convert those that do not.

grpunconv restores the encrypted passwords to your /etc/groups file

and removes the /etc/gshadow file.

gs

gs [options] [files]

GhostScript, an interpreter for Adobe Systems’ PostScript and PDF

(Portable Document Format) languages. Used for document

processing. With - in place of files, standard input is used.

Options

-- filename arg1 ...

Take the next argument as a filename, but use all remaining

arguments to define ARGUMENTS in userdict (not system-

dict) as an array of those strings before running the file.

-gnumber1xnumber2

Specify width and height