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Preface
In recent years, smart materials technologies have been spreading rapidly
and various engineering devices employing such technologies have been
developed. The inherent characteristics of smart materials are actuator capa-
bility, sensor capability, and control capability. There are many smart mate-
rial candidates that exhibit one or multifunctional capabilities. Among these,
magnetorheological (MR) uids, piezoelectric materials, and shape memory
alloys have been effectively exploited in various engineering applications.
This book is a compilation of the authors’ recent work on the application
of MR uids and other smart mate ...