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3
Hysteretic Behaviors of
Magnetorheological (MR) Fluid
3.1 Introduction
Hysteretic behavior is inherently encountered in many application devices
that usually involve magnetic, ferroelectric, and mechanical systems. Smart
materials such as magnetorheological (MR) uids, electrorheological (ER)
uids, piezoceramics (PZTs), and shape memory alloys (SMAs) have recently
been adopted as actuators for various active and semi-active control systems.
These smart materials also exhibit nonlinear hysteretic responses, which
have an adverse effect on actuator performance within control systems. Due
to the increasing demand for superior ...