October 2018
Beginner to intermediate
238 pages
6h 32m
Chinese
Content preview from 面向数据科学家的实用统计学
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第 4 章
回归与预测
统计学中最常见的目标可能就是回答下列问题：变量
X
（很多情况下是
X
1
,
…
,
X
p
）与变量
Y
是否有关联？如果两者间有关联，那么关联的关系如何？是否可以使用这种关联关系去
预测
Y
？
预测是统计学与数据科学联系最为紧密的一个领域，特别是根据其他“预测”变量的值去
预测结果（目标）变量。
异常检测
是两个学科紧密关联的另一个领域。尽管回归诊断最初
用于数据分析和改进回归模型，但在异常检测中，回归诊断可用于检测异常的记录。对相
关性和线性回归的最初使用，可追溯到一个多世纪以前。
4.1
简单线性回归
简单线性回归用于建模两个变量变化幅度间的关系。例如，
Y
随着
X
的增大而增大，或者
Y
随着
X
的增大而减小
1
。相关性是衡量两个变量间相关情况的另一种方法，我们已经在
1.7
节中介绍过。这两者之间的差别在于，相关性衡量的是两个变量的关联程度，而回归则量
化了两个变量间关系的本质。
主要术语
响应变量
想要预测的变量。
同义词：因变量、变量
Y
、目标、结果
注
1
：
本章内容的版权属于本书作者彼得
•
布鲁斯和安德鲁
•
布鲁斯，
© 2017 Datastats
，
LLC
。使用需经许可。
97
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O’Reilly covers everything we've got, with content to help us build a world-class technology community, upgrade the capabilities and competencies of our teams, and improve overall team performance as well as their engagement.Julian F.
I wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.Addison B.
I’ve been on the O’Reilly platform for more than eight years. I use a couple of learning platforms, but I'm on O'Reilly more than anybody else. When you're there, you start learning. I'm never disappointed.Amir M.
I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.