Three-dimensional solutions involve all three spatial coordinates. The discussion of three-dimensional waves in Cartesian coordinates is fairly straightforward and will be discussed next through a cavity example.
Consider a rectangular box of a × b × h as shown in Figure 4.1.
FIGURE 4.1Rectangular cavity with PEC boundaries. Positive z-direction is opposite to the direction shown in the figure for the right-handed Cartesian coordinate system.
This cavity can be constructed by taking a piece of a rectangular waveguide of length h and closing the box with end ...
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