The formal arguments receive addresses of actual arguments i.e. formal arguments points to
the actual argument. Here the swap() function operates on the addresses of actual argument
through pointers. The addresses of actual arguments and formal arguments are same. Hence, the
changes made in the values are permanent.
7.3.3 Call by Reference
C passes arguments by value and address. In C++ it is possible to pass arguments by value, ad-
dress, and reference. C++ reference types, declared with ‘&’operator, are nearly identical
but not exactly the same as pointer types. They declare aliases for objects variables and ...
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