March 2019
Intermediate to advanced
424 pages
5h 18m
Japanese
Content preview from PythonによるAIプログラミング入門 ―ディープラーニングを始める前に身につけておくべき15の基礎技術Become an O’Reilly member and get unlimited access to this title plus top books and audiobooks from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers, thousands of courses curated by job role, 150+ live events each month,
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7章ヒューリスティック探索
本章では、解の空間を効率よく探索して正解を得るヒューリスティック探索を説明します。以下の項目について学びます。
- ヒューリスティック探索
- 情報あり探索 vs. 情報なし探索
- 制約充足問題
- 局所探索手法
- 焼きなまし法（シミュレーテッドアニーリング）
- 貪欲法を用いた文字列の構築
- 制約条件のある問題の解法
- 領域の色分け問題の解法
- 8パズルの解法
- 迷路の解法
7.1 ヒューリスティック探索とは？
探索とデータの組織化は、人工知能の重要な課題です。解の空間の中から正解を探索することが必要な問題はたくさんあります。解の可能性が多数あると、どれが正解なのかわかりません。効率よくデータを組織化すれば、解を高速かつ効率的に探索できます。
問題を解く上で選択肢が多すぎるため、正解を見つけるアルゴリズムが存在しないことがよくあります。さらに、すべての解の可能性をしらみつぶしに調べるのは、時間がかかりすぎて非現実的なこともあります。このような場合に、明らかに解でない選択肢を除去することによって、探索範囲を狭めるのに役立つ経験則があります。このような経験則のことを、ヒューリスティックス（heuristic）と呼びます。また、ヒューリスティックスに従って探索を導く手法のことを、ヒューリスティック探索（heuristic search）と言います。
ヒューリスティックスは、処理を高速化するのに役立ちます。ヒューリスティックスによって選択肢を完全には除去できない場合でも、より良い解に早くたどり着けるように選択肢を並べ直すのに役立ちます。
7.1.1 情報あり探索と情報なし探索
計算機科学に詳しければ、深さ優先探索（depth first search：DFS）や幅優先探索（breadth ...
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O’Reilly covers everything we've got, with content to help us build a world-class technology community, upgrade the capabilities and competencies of our teams, and improve overall team performance as well as their engagement.Julian F.
I wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.Addison B.
I’ve been on the O’Reilly platform for more than eight years. I use a couple of learning platforms, but I'm on O'Reilly more than anybody else. When you're there, you start learning. I'm never disappointed.Amir M.
I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.