Quantum Optics Devices on a Chip
by Inamuddin, Tariq Altalhi, Naif Ahmed Alshehri, Jorddy Neves Cruz
2Introduction to Quantum Optics
Jamie Vovrosh
QinetiQ, Malvern Technology Centre, Malvern, England
Abstract
Quantum optics is the field concerning optical phenomena which, to be explained, requires light to be treated as photons rather than electromagnetic waves. While the field of quantum optics could be said to be as old as quantum mechanics itself, it has only really come to prominence in the last quarter of the 20th century. This chapter will introduce the field of quantum optics and provide a brief history of the various scientific discoveries from which it arose.
Keywords: Quantum optics, history of physics, quantum physics
2.1 How Is Quantum Optics Defined?
Quantum optics is the field concerning optical phenomena which, to be explained, requires light to be treated as photons rather than electromagnetic waves. While the field of quantum optics could be said to be as old as quantum mechanics itself, it has only really come to prominence in the last quarter of the 20th century. This is partly due to the fact that a large percentage of phenomena involving light can be sufficiently explained by the classical theory of electromagnetism, in which light is treated as a wave. In addition, various theoretical and technological developments have been required to allow for the identification of truly optical phenomena, for which the only explanation is through treating light as photons.
During the development of the theory of light, three distinct approaches have emerged, namely, ...
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