Quantum Optics Devices on a Chip

4Quantum Dots to Medical Devices

Mohammad Harun-Ur-Rashid¹, Israt Jahan² and Abu Bin Imran^3*

¹Department of Chemistry, International University of Business Agriculture and Technology (IUBAT), Dhaka, Bangladesh

²Air Quality and Environmental Pollution Research Laboratory (AQEPRL), Center for Advanced Research in Sciences (CARS), University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh

³Department of Chemistry, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract

The chapter offers an insightful overview of quantum dots (QDs) and their groundbreaking applications in the medical field. It introduces the fundamental properties of QDs, followed by a detailed examination of various synthesis methods such as colloidal, organometallic, sol–gel, and microwave-assisted techniques. The focus then shifts to the physical characteristics of QDs, including size, shape, optical, and electrical properties, along with a critical analysis of their toxicity and biocompatibility. Key sections of the chapter address the surface modification of QDs for enhanced biocompatibility and their applications in biomedical imaging, where their superior fluorescent properties outshine traditional imaging agents. The role of QDs in drug delivery systems is also explored, detailing mechanisms of targeting, cellular uptake, drug release, and real-time tracking alongside current advancements in QD-mediated therapies. Furthermore, the chapter discusses QDs in diagnostic applications, particularly in bioimaging ...