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人工智能技术与大数据
book

人工智能技术与大数据

by Posts & Telecom Press, Anand Deshpande, Manish Kumar
May 2024
Intermediate to advanced
295 pages
4h 32m
Chinese
Packt Publishing
Content preview from 人工智能技术与大数据

第12章 认知计算

本书已经介绍了机器学习和人工智能的一般原理。这是创建能够补充和增强人类能力的智能机器的良好基础和起点。计算能力的不断增强以及数据量的不断增加使智能机器成为可能。然而,为了制造出能够与人脑适配的智能机器,还需深入理解人类的认知。

虽然大量的研究和思考已经进行了几十年(或者几个世纪),但远没有完全解码人类认知的本质。本章将向读者介绍认知科学,并介绍一些可用的框架来推进研究。

本章主要介绍以下内容:认知科学;认知系统;认知智能在大数据分析中的应用;IBM Watson作为最先进的认知计算框架之一;用Java开发IBM Watson应用程序。

我们试图建造与人类大脑和感官相匹配的智能机器,并尽可能模仿它们的能力。人类通过5种感官来感知这个世界。认知科学的目标是在智能机器中重建这些感知能力,使它们之间的互动是自然和无缝的。

(1)视觉。通过这种感官可以观察物体,了解它们在三维中的位置,以及它们随时间这一第四维度运动的过程。用眼睛作为视觉的外部接口时,其他的一切都发生在大脑中。依据认知科学的原理构建智能系统,通过摄像机拍摄物体及其运动轨迹,创建数学模型,将视觉信号转化为知识。

(2)听觉。通过这种感官可以听到各种各样的声音信号。人体的外部接口是耳朵,而声音处理也是在大脑中进行的。通过声音识别人,理解信号的含义,这一切都归功于大脑实时处理信号的能力,并利用记忆将音频信号存储于特定上下文,同时触发必要的动作。人工智能系统也可以通过建模来感知音频信号,同时用NLP处理将这些信号转化为知识,并引发行为。

(3)味觉。通过这种感官可以感知物体(食物)的味道。外部接口是舌头,味觉信号是在大脑中处理的。

(4)嗅觉。通过这种感官可以闻到各种各样的东西。外部接口是鼻子,所有的信号都在大脑中处理。 ...

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Publisher Resources

ISBN: 9781836202653