May 2020
Beginner to intermediate
319 pages
7h 3m
Chinese
Content preview from 数据库系统内幕
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13
第
1
章
简介与概述
数据库可以用于不同的目的：一些主要用于临时
热
数据，一些用作长期
冷
数据的存储，
一些允许复杂的分析查询，一些只允许通过键访问值，一些专门对存储时间序列数据进
行了优化，一些则可高效地存储二进制大对象（Binary Large OBject，BLOB）。为了理
解其差异和边界，我们将从简短的分类和概述出发，这有助于我们理解要讨论的范围。
如果没有完整的上下文，那么术语有时会模棱两可、难以理解。例如，
列
（column）
式存储和
宽列
（wide column）式存储之间几乎没有什么关联，抑或
聚簇索引
（cluster
index）和
非聚簇索引
（nonclustered index）与
索引组织表
之间的关系究竟如何。本章旨
在消除这些术语的歧义并找到它们的确切定义。
我们首先对数据库架构（参见 1.1 节）进行概述并讨论系统组件及其职责。随后，我们
将讨论数据库在存储介质（参见 1.2 节）和数据布局（参见 1.3 节）方面的区别。
这两种分类方式并不是数据库分类方式的全部，还有许多其他的分类方式。例如，一些
人将数据库分为三大类。
联机事务处理（
OLTP
）数据库
它处理大量面向用户的请求和事务。查询通常是预定义的，并且运行时间都很短。
联机分析处理（
OLAP
）数据库
它处理复杂的聚合。OLAP 数据库通常用于分析和数据仓库，能够处理复杂的、长
时间运行的 ad-hoc 查询。
混合事务和分析处理（
HTAP
）数据库
它结合了 OLTP 和 OLAP 存储的属性。
还有许多其他术语和分类：键值存储、关系数据库、面向文档的存储和图数据库。我们 ...
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I wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.Addison B.
I’ve been on the O’Reilly platform for more than eight years. I use a couple of learning platforms, but I'm on O'Reilly more than anybody else. When you're there, you start learning. I'm never disappointed.Amir M.
I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.