Swarm Intelligence Algorithms

166 Firefly Algorithm

Obviously, β = β

0

if r

ij

= 0. If γ is too small (i.e., γ → 0), we have β →

β

0

, which means that the light intensity or attractiveness remains close to a

constant β

0

. The visibility distance is large, the nonlinear term in Eq. (13.3)

becomes linear. This corresponds to the case where a flashing firefly can be

seen by all the other fireflies in the search space. This also means that collective

information is used by all the fireflies. On the other hand, if γ → +∞, then

β → 0. The visibility distance for fireflies is short, which corresponds to a

situation in a dense fog where one firefly cannot see other fireflies. Thus, the

system becomes highly ...