April 2025
Intermediate to advanced
352 pages
9h 18m
Portuguese (Portugal, Brazil)
Content preview from Analítica de futebol com Python e R
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Apêndice C. Fundamentos da recolha de dados
Os conjuntos de dados Tidy são todos iguais, mas cada conjunto de dados confuso é confuso à sua maneira.
Hadley Wickham
Este apêndice centra-se em algumas noções básicas de manipulação de dados, ou o processo de formatação e limpeza de dados antes de os utilizar. Incluímos algumas ferramentas comuns, mas por vezes confusas, que utilizamos regularmente. Precisamos de uma grande caixa de ferramentas, porque, como observou Hadley Wickham, cada dado confuso tem as suas próprias patologias. Para uma comparação mais aprofundada entre Python e R, consulta o apêndice em Python and R for the Modern Data Scientist, de Rick J. Scavetta e Boyan Angelov (O'Reilly, 2021).
Nota
A manipulação de dados tem muitos sinónimos porque quase toda a gente que trabalha com dados precisa de os limpar. Outros termos incluem limpeza de dados, formatação de dados, Tidy de dados, transformação de dados, manipulação de dados, munging de dados e mutação de dados. Basicamente, as pessoas utilizam vários termos, por isso não te surpreendas se vires termos diferentes em fontes diferentes. Além disso, na nossa experiência, as pessoas utilizam estes termos de forma inconsistente. A principal conclusão é que, em algum momento, terás de limpar, formatar, transformar ou alterar os teus próprios dados. Por isso, incluímos este apêndice.
Operadores lógicos
Operadores lógicos são os mesmos na maioria das linguagens, incluindo Python e R. A próxima Tabela C-1 lista alguns ...
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