Semantics for Energy Efficiency in Smart Home Environments ◾ 439
supporting user activity in changing contexts. ATRACO proposes an ontology-based
approach to system adaptation within the activity sphere, where interfaces between
the constituent environment ontologies and higher-level aim description are recal-
culated on demand based on availability of constituent passive entities (devices and
services). e sphere also includes active entities: task and interaction agents, ontology
manager, and sphere manager. Operation is based on aim ontology, local ontologies,
and sphere ontology formed by aligning, merging, and mapping of local ontologies.
e sphere components cooperate to realize user tasks and operate the devices and
services accord