July 2019
Intermediate to advanced
480 pages
9h 35m
Chinese
Content preview from 持續交付｜使用Java
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| 第四章
雲端挑戰
身為改用雲端技術的開發者，你最主要的挑戰不但包括了解新的基礎設施元件，也要知
道這些技術的特點與性能。你要花時間了解將軟體開放給互聯電腦的影響，你幾乎無時
無刻都在建構分散式系統。你也要讓 app 在網路環境中的性能與在本地開發機器上一樣
好。
機械同理心：
Daniel
的雲端初體驗
我剛開始使用雲端技術時，遇到很大的學習障礙，因為這代表本地機器基
礎設施的特性與性能可能無法與生產環境一致，而且是在很大程度上！尤
其是在 2010 年代早期的一個專案，我花了一星期的時間寫好一個產品饋
送分析 app，這個 app 會將大量的臨時資料寫入本地儲存器，它在我的
開發機器上表現良好（使用本地連接的 SSD 磁碟），但是當我將程式部署
在生產環境時，它的性能下降了近兩個數量級，因為雲端實例的區塊儲存
器是透過網路來溝通的，有全然不同的性能特性！
因為 IaaS 平台的硬體特性（與規模），各個元件故障的機率相對較高。因此，你必須設
計、建構與測試能夠處理已知故障模式的彈性 app，例如，多數的雲端計算實例都是暫
態的，可能會意外停止，你的 app 必須優雅地處理這種情況。Amazon 的 CTO，Werner
Vogels，有一句名言：“在雲端的東西隨時都會故障。”你可能會想，為什麼一位雲端供
應商的 CTO 會講出這句話？但他想要表達的意思是：要取得公用雲端帶來的好處（隨
需求而變，以及使用可大規模運行的基礎設施帶來的高經濟效益）是要付出代價的，這
個代價就是個別元件的可靠性。
雲端的暫態性質： ...
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O’Reilly covers everything we've got, with content to help us build a world-class technology community, upgrade the capabilities and competencies of our teams, and improve overall team performance as well as their engagement.Julian F.
I wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.Addison B.
I’ve been on the O’Reilly platform for more than eight years. I use a couple of learning platforms, but I'm on O'Reilly more than anybody else. When you're there, you start learning. I'm never disappointed.Amir M.
I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.