CHAPTER 2
State of the Art/Science
The first phase of this study involved determining the state of the art/science broadly. Rather than focusing solely on project management and what “should be,” this phase focused on a wide range of disciplinary areas (such as engineering, political science, environmental management, and medicine) to explore what “might be” in regard to the practice of eliciting expert judgment.
2.1 Theory-Practice Gap
The idea that a gap or divide exists between theory and practice has been widely discussed (e.g., Brendillet, Tywoniak, & Dwivedula, 2015; Kraaijenbrink, 2010; Sandberg & Tsoukas, 2011; Van de Ven & Johnson, 2006). Additionally, several studies suggested that such a theory-practice gap exists within project management ...
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