6.1 Continuously Optimized Sensor Performance6.2 A Flood of New LiDAR Sensors6.2.1 Hyperspectral/Multi-Spectral LiDAR6.2.2 Solid-State LiDAR6.2.3 Quantum LiDAR6.3 Arrival of the LiDAR Big Data Era6.3.1 Multi-Platform Coexistence, Multi-Source Data Fusion6.3.2 LiDAR Big Data Era6.4 Comprehensive Applications of LiDAR6.4.1 LiDAR Satellite Missions Promote the Development of Global Surface Products toward the Direction of High Precision and High Resolution6.4.2 LiDAR Improves Natural Resource Monitoring from Two-Dimensional to Three-Dimensional Space6.4.3 LiDAR Promotes the Further Development of Smart City6.4.4 LiDAR Assists with Automatic Driving6.5 SummaryExercisesReferences