Conventions Used in This Book
This section covers typographic conventions and the format used for XML structure diagrams.
Typographic Conventions
- Italic
Used for emphasis and to signify the first use of a term. Italic is also used for commands and file and directory names.
Constant widthUsed in all Java code and generally for anything that you would type literally when programming, including options, keywords, data types, constants, method names, variables, class names, and interface names.
Constant width italicUsed for the names of function arguments and generally as a placeholder to indicate an item that should be replaced with an actual value in your program.
Constant width boldUsed for user input on the command line.
Tip
Indicates a tip, suggestion, or general note.
Warning
Indicates a warning or caution.
XML Schema/DTD Diagrams
In a number of places in the book, we need to describe the structure of specific XML formats (based on either DTDs or XML schemas). We’ve chosen to use a simplified diagram format to show these XML structures graphically. This format is described in the key in Figure P-1.

Figure 1. Key to XML structure diagrams
Figure P-2 shows a sample XML structure diagram. Here is sample XML data that follows this structure:
<xyz-component> . . . <component-detail> <comp-name>Name</comp-name> </component-detail> <param> <param-name>param1</param-name> <param-value>value1</param-value> ...
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