A major concern when two or more threads share the same resource is that only one of them can access the
resource at one time. Programmers address this concern by synchronizing threads.
Threads are synchronized in Java through the use of a monitor. Think of a monitor as an object
that enables a thread to access a resource. Only one thread can use a monitor at any one time period.
The thread owns the monitor for that period of time. The monitor is also called a semaphore.
A thread can own a monitor only if no other thread owns the monitor. If the monitor is available,
a thread can own the ...
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