RAID
The Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks (RAID) approach is the standard way to handle both performance and reliability limitations of individual disk drives. A RAID array puts many disks, typically of exactly the same configuration, into a set that acts like a single disk, but with either enhanced performance, reliability, or both. In some cases, the extra reliability comes from computing what's called parity information for writes to the array. Parity is a form of checksum on the data, which allows it to be reconstructed even if some of the information is lost. RAID levels that use parity are efficient, from a space perspective, at writing data in a way that will survive drive failures, but the parity computation overhead can be significant ...
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