Technologies for Smart Sensors and Sensor Fusion

4	Carbon Nanofibers as Amperometric Biosensors on a Silicon-Compatible Platform

Fahmida S. Tulip, Syed K. Islam, Ashraf B. Islam, Kimberly C. MacArthur, Khandaker A. Mamun, and Nicole McFarlane

CONTENTS

4.1    Introduction

4.2    Background

4.2.1    First-Generation Amperometric Sensors

4.2.2    Second-Generation Amperometric Sensors

4.2.3    Third-Generation Amperometric Sensors

4.3    Carbon Nanofibers as Electrodes for Amperometric Biosensors

4.3.1    Carbon Nanofiber Growth Techniques

4.3.2    Functionalization of Nanofiber Electrodes

4.4    Specific Applications of Carbon Nanofiber (CNF)-Based Biosensors

4.5    Integration with Sensor Architecture

4.6    Silicon Compatibility

4.7    Associated Challenges

4.8    Conclusions

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