Advanced Organic Chemistry

2

Delocalized Chemical Bonding and Electronic Effects

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of this chapter you should be familiar with

• Interaction between orbitals over many bonds, stabilization by the sharing of electrons over molecules.
• Molecular shape and structure that determine reactivity and represent one aspect of structure by curly arrows.
• The effects that delocalized electrons have on the reactivity of organic compounds.
• Resonance, resonance effects, hyperconjugation tautomerism, inductive, electromeric, and steric effect and hydrogen bonding, and their role on chemical reactivity.

2.1 INTRODUCTION

Electrons that are restricted to a particular region are called localized electrons. The bonding in most of the organic compounds can be described ...