October 2004
Intermediate to advanced
527 pages
13h 50m
English
Content preview from Advanced Organic ChemistryBecome an O’Reilly member and get unlimited access to this title plus top books and audiobooks from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers, thousands of courses curated by job role, 150+ live events each month,
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8
Aromatic Substitution
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
By the end of this chapter you should be familiar with
- The mechanism of electrophilic aromatic substitution.
- How a variety of substituents can be substituted into the benzene ring.
- The effects of substituents on orientation and reactivity, activation and deactivation.
- The mechanism of nucleophilic substitution in aromatic systems.
8.1 INTRODUCTION
Substitution reactions at an aliphatic carbon are generally nucleophilic. In aromatic systems the situation is reversed. Three types of reagents can perform substitution in aromatic compounds, that is, electrophiles, nucleophiles and free radicals. In this chapter, we will deal with electrophilic and nucleophilic substitutions; the substitution brought about ...
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I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.