Biometric Authentication: A Machine Learning Approach

1.2. Biometric Authentication Methods

As depicted in Figure 1.1, biometric authentication methods can be divided into two categories.

1. Behavioral-based authentication methods perform the identification task by recognizing people's behavioral patterns, such as signatures, keyboard typing, and voice print. The main problem with behavioral methods is that they all have high variations, which are difficult to cope with. To prevent signatures from being altered, the use of laser-engraved, digitally embossed signatures on the card's signature panel has also been considered. On the other hand, while behavioral characteristics can be difficult to measure because of influences such as stress, fatigue, or illness, they are sometimes more acceptable to users ...