January 2019
Beginner to intermediate
745 pages
21h 6m
English
Content preview from Computer Science Illuminated, 7th Edition
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4.6 Integrated Circuits
An integrated circuit (also called a chip) is a piece of silicon on which multiple gates have been embedded. These silicon pieces are mounted on a plastic or ceramic package with pins along the edges that can be soldered onto circuit boards or inserted into appropriate sockets. Each pin connects to the input or output of a gate, or to power or ground.
Integrated circuits (IC) are classified by the number of gates contained in them. These classifications also reflect the historical development of IC technology:
| Abbreviation | Name | Number of Gates |
| SSI | Small-scale integration | 1 to 10 |
| MSI | Medium-scale integration | 10 to 100 |
| LSI | Large-scale integration | 100 to 100,000 |
| VLSI | Very-large-scale integration | more than ... |
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