15.2 Open Systems and Protocols
Many protocols have been defined to assist in network communication. Some have gained a stronger foothold than others because of many reasons, often historical in nature. This section focuses on the protocols used for general Internet traffic. Before we discuss the details of particular protocols, however, it is important to put them in context by discussing the concept of an open system.
Open Systems
Early in the development of computer networks, commercial vendors came out with a variety of technologies that they hoped businesses would adopt. The trouble was that these proprietary systems were developed with their own particular nuances and did not permit communication between networks of differing types. ...
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