CHAPTER 12AI in Action Today!
“It is change, continuing change, inevitable change, that is the dominant factor in society today. No sensible decision can be made any longer without taking into account not only the world as it is, but the world as it will be… .”
—Issac Asimov (Asimov on Science Fiction, 1981)
The term “artificial intelligence” (AI) was first used in the mid-1950s. Progress in its initial decades was made primarily by programmatic AI methods based on logic aimed at solving discrete areas of study. The current proliferation of generative AI (GenAI) comes from pioneering research in the 1940s, when Warren McCullough and Walter Pitts established the principles of neural networks by designing computer processing methods around the understanding of how the human brain functions.1
Today’s prolific generative AI grew from the neural network approach spurring the potential for technological innovation to reach unprecedented levels of awareness and accessibility. Earlier, we showed that ChatGPT took 2 months to achieve 100 million users compared to the mobile phone industry’s 16 years and TikTok’s 9 months. Equally impressive is the pace at which AI learning has accelerated—achieving skills on par with humans in shorter and shorter time frames. (See Figure 12.1.)
Klaus Schwab, founder of the World Economic Forum and author of The Fourth Industrial Revolution, refers to the current step-changes as the “Cyber-physical Systems” fourth Industrial Revolution. AI in combination ...
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