1.1 Introduction1.2 Discovery of X‐Rays, Radiation, and Subatomic Particles1.3 The Nuclear Age1.4 The Space Age1.5 Semiconductors – Revolution, Evolution, and Scaling1.6 Beginning of Ionizing Radiation Effects in Semiconductors1.7 Beginning of Single‐Event Effects in Semiconductors1.8 Summary and Closing CommentsReferences