JavaServer Pages, 3rd Edition

Expressions and Operators

The combination of literal values, variables, and the following operators form an EL expression:

Operator	Precedence	Operation performed
.	1	Access a bean property or Map entry.
[]	1	Access an array or List element.
( )	2	Group a subexpression to change the evaluation order.
? :	10	Conditional test: condition ? ifTrue : ifFalse.
+	5	Addition.
-	5	Subtraction.
-	3	Negation of a value.
*	4	Multiplication.
/ or div	4	Division.
% or mod	4	Modulo (remainder).
== or eq	7	Test for equality.
!= or ne	7	Test for inequality.
< or lt	6	Test for less than.
> or gt	6	Test for greater than.
<= or le	6	Test for less than or equal.
>= or ge	6	Test for greater than or equal.
&& or and	8	Test for logical AND.
|| or or	9	Test for logical OR.
! or not	3	Unary Boolean complement.
empty	3	Test for empty variable values (null or an empty String, array, Map, or Collection).
func(args)	N/A	A function call, where func is the function name and args is a comma-separated list of arguments.

Expressions are evaluated in the order defined by the operator precedence and left to right for operators of the same precedence.