July 2023
Beginner to intermediate
270 pages
4h 48m
Chinese
Content preview from 可观测性工程
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"path":"/super/slow/server",
"port":80,
"service_name":"slowsvc",
"status":200,
"time":"2019-08-22T11:57:03-07:00",
"trace.trace_id":"eafdf3123",
"user":"foo"
}
可观测性的目标是让使用者能够以任意方式查询事件数据，从而了解系统的内部状态。
为了实现这一目标，其所需要的数据一定是机器能解析的。非结构化数据根本无法实现
这个目标。但是，日志数据仿照结构化事件重新设计后就能成为可观测性的构建块。
5.4 在调试中有用的事件属性
本章前面将结构化事件定义为一个特定请求与服务交互时发生的所有事件的记录。在调
试现代分布式系统时，这大约是一个工作单元的正确范围。为了创建一个系统，使观测
者能够理解系统的任何状态，那么无论事件多么新颖或复杂，都必须包含可能与调查相
关的充足信息。
在可观测系统中，后端数据存储必须允许事件任意宽。使用结构化事件了解服务的行
为，需要记住模型初始化时是空
blob
，记录了可能与后期调试相关的所有信息，就是说
在请求到达服务时预先在
blob
输入已知数据：请求参数、环境信息、运行时信息、主机
/
容器统计数据等。执行请求时也需要注意其他有用信息：用户
ID
、购物车
ID
、为呈现结
果而调用的其他远程服务，或者其他有助于将来查找和区别这个请求的各种信息。请求执
行完后，或者请求出错时，会出现一些有关工作单元如何执行的信息：执行时长、状态码、
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