September 2024
Intermediate to advanced
544 pages
12h 2m
Spanish
Content preview from Libro de cocina Linux, 2ª edición
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Capítulo 5. Gestión de usuarios y grupos
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Linux tiene dos tipos de usuarios : usuarios humanos y usuarios del sistema. Cada usuario tiene una identidad única (UID), y al menos una identificación de grupo (GID). Todos los usuarios tienen un grupo principal y pueden ser miembros de varios grupos.
Cada usuario humano posee un directorio home para sus archivos personales. Los directorios home de los usuarios pertenecen a /home y llevan el nombre del propietario, como nuestro usuario de ejemplo Duquesa, que posee /home/duchess. Los usuarios pueden pertenecer a varios grupos, y las pertenencias a grupos adicionales se denominan grupos suplementarios. Los usuarios de un grupo tienen todos los privilegios de ese grupo. (Para aprender todo sobre los privilegios, consulta el Capítulo 6.) Los privilegios controlan el acceso a archivos y comandos, y son fundamentales para la seguridad del sistema.
Los usuarios del sistema representan servicios y procesos del sistema. Los usuarios del sistema necesitan cuentas de usuario para controlar sus privilegios y no tienen inicios de sesión ni directorios en/home.
Los usuarios humanos se dividen en dos categorías: el usuario root, o superusuario, es todopoderoso y puede hacer cualquier cosa en el sistema. Todos los demás usuarios se denominan usuarios normales o sin privilegios. A los usuarios normales se les dan los privilegios justos ...
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